[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":799},["ShallowReactive",2],{"story-context:en:madrid-plaza-mayor-room-with-many-doors":3},{"journey":4,"immersiveManifest":226},{"slug":5,"locale":6,"title":7,"dek":8,"seoTitle":9,"seoDescription":10,"chapters":11,"sources":112},"madrid-old-town","en","Madrid: clocks, civic rooms and royal horizons","Explore Madrid in five chapters from Puerta del Sol to the Royal Palace, with four optional discoveries.","Madrid Old Town Visual Journey · WalkThere","Explore Madrid through five rich chapters, independent licensed photographs, dated local interactive imagery and four optional discoveries.",[12,36,56,76,94],{"id":13,"eyebrow":14,"title":15,"labSummary":16,"narrative":17,"travelNote":18,"coordinates":19,"elevationMeters":19,"facts":20,"art":28},"sol","Chapter 1","Puerta del Sol: a city learning to tell time","Compare independent photographs and dated local 360-degree sequences.","Begin by imagining a square as an instrument for coordinating a city. Puerta del Sol brings together several kinds of orientation: streets converge, a clock gathers attention, and a road marker gives an abstract national network a tangible starting point. Madrid’s official tourism account identifies Sol as the original location of a city gate and the starting point for Spain’s principal radial roads. The name preserves a threshold even though the experience is now that of a central gathering place.\n\nLook first at the outline of the space rather than searching immediately for a famous object. The semi-circular arrangement and converging street mouths make a useful comparison with the enclosed rectangle of Plaza Mayor, our next main chapter. Trace the way a building line guides your eye, then notice where an opening releases it toward another street. A photograph can reveal that relationship without providing evidence of how crowded, loud or easy to cross the square will be during a future visit.\n\nThe Casa de Correos provides another kind of orientation. Its clock is associated with the last night of the year, according to the city’s account. A familiar architectural element becomes the focus for a shared moment: time is made public through a façade. Compare the scale of the clock with the surrounding building before returning to street level. This journey begins with everyday coordination rather than a royal interior. San Ginés offers an optional church-and-passage setting before Plaza Mayor. The photographs and dated local 360-degree sequences are independent records; the change between places is an editorial transition, not footage of a continuous walk.","Dated independent local 360-degree sequences; editorial transitions between sites.",null,[21,25],{"label":22,"value":23,"sourceId":24},"Former city gate","The name preserves the location of an earlier gateway.","sol-history",{"label":26,"value":27,"sourceId":24},"Clock and radial roads","The city account connects Sol with New Year timekeeping and Spain’s main radial roads.",{"src":29,"alt":30,"credit":31,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceId":34,"modifications":35},"\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fsol-wide.webp","Puerta del Sol square with the equestrian statue, clock tower and curving facades in sunshine","Tomás Fano","CC BY-SA 2.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F2.0","photo-sol-wide","Resized and converted to WebP",{"id":37,"eyebrow":38,"title":39,"labSummary":16,"narrative":40,"travelNote":18,"coordinates":19,"elevationMeters":19,"facts":41,"art":49},"plaza-mayor","Chapter 2","Plaza Mayor: the architecture of a shared stage","Plaza Mayor changes the question from where streets meet to how a public room is made. Stand back in the available views and compare the continuous building edges with Sol’s converging openings. Repeated windows and an arcaded lower level can make separate frontages read as one enclosure. That unity is an architectural effect with a complicated history, rather than proof that everything visible was built at once.\n\nMadrid’s official account dates Juan Gómez de Mora’s commission to bring uniformity to the buildings to 1617. It also describes the destructive fire of 1790 and Juan de Villanueva’s subsequent reconstruction, including the closing of the corners and nine access arches. Read the square with those different moments in mind. The entrances are especially revealing: an urban room must admit the surrounding city while preserving the impression of an inside. Follow a visible arch toward the darker space beneath it and compare that compressed opening with the bright breadth of the plaza.\n\nThe square has accommodated festivities and public spectacles, but a photograph only records one temporary arrangement of its floor. Tables, visitors and shadows do not explain the whole history. Try mentally clearing the central space, then considering how the surrounding windows might change the relationship between spectators and an event. Finally return to the Casa de la Panadería as a visual focus within the repeated façades. Its distinct treatment shows how a unified composition can still give one building special emphasis. The optional San Miguel discovery turns from a large public stage toward the structure of a market. Our next chapter, Plaza de la Villa, replaces this carefully ordered enclosure with a conversation among buildings of different centuries.",[42,46],{"label":43,"value":44,"sourceId":45},"Commission in 1617","Juan Gómez de Mora was asked to unify the square’s buildings.","mayor-history",{"label":47,"value":48,"sourceId":45},"Reconstruction after 1790","Juan de Villanueva reshaped access and enclosure after the fire.",{"src":50,"alt":51,"credit":52,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceId":55,"modifications":35},"\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-mayor-wide.webp","Panoramic view across Plaza Mayor to its red arcaded facades","Nemo","CC BY-SA 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F4.0","photo-plaza-mayor-wide",{"id":57,"eyebrow":58,"title":59,"labSummary":16,"narrative":60,"travelNote":18,"coordinates":19,"elevationMeters":19,"facts":61,"art":69},"plaza-villa","Chapter 3","Plaza de la Villa: three centuries around one square","Plaza de la Villa rewards looking from one frontage to another before choosing a favourite building. Its interest lies in the coexistence of different periods at a scale that can be held in a single mental picture. Madrid’s official tourism account identifies the Lujanes house and tower as fifteenth-century Gothic-Mudéjar work on the eastern side, Casa de Cisneros as a sixteenth-century Plateresque palace to the south, and the seventeenth-century Baroque Casa de la Villa to the west. These labels offer a chronology to test through careful comparison, rather than a requirement to recognise every decorative term.\n\nBegin with silhouette. A tower gives one part of the composition a vertical accent; a longer frontage distributes attention horizontally. Then compare openings, rooflines and the relationship of each building to the open ground. Ask how different edges contribute to the square without becoming identical. Unlike Plaza Mayor, where repetition makes a strong first impression, this setting invites an eye that moves between distinct architectural voices. A closer photograph may clarify one edge while a wider view restores the relationships between them.\n\nThe Casa de la Villa formerly housed Madrid City Council, according to the same official account. Civic authority therefore enters the story before we reach the royal precinct. Consider how a council building addresses a modest public space, and carry that observation forward to the palace’s much larger scale. The surrounding small streets also matter: the square belongs to a network, not an isolated display case. Our optional Arab Wall discovery looks beneath these later civic layers toward the earlier fortified settlement. The main sequence continues to Almudena, where an apparently historic silhouette turns out to belong to a remarkably long modern building campaign. Each local scene remains independent of the next.",[62,66],{"label":63,"value":64,"sourceId":65},"Fifteenth-century Lujanes","The eastern house and tower are identified as Gothic-Mudéjar.","villa-history",{"label":67,"value":68,"sourceId":65},"Former city council","The seventeenth-century Casa de la Villa housed municipal government.",{"src":70,"alt":71,"credit":72,"license":73,"licenseUrl":74,"sourceId":75,"modifications":35},"\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-villa-wide.webp","Plaza de la Villa with historic buildings and its central monument","Anagoria","CC BY 3.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby\u002F3.0","photo-plaza-villa-wide",{"id":77,"eyebrow":78,"title":79,"labSummary":16,"narrative":80,"travelNote":18,"coordinates":19,"elevationMeters":19,"facts":81,"art":89},"almudena","Chapter 4","Almudena: a cathedral across a long building century","Almudena poses a useful challenge to visual assumptions: how old does a cathedral look, and what does its appearance actually prove? Madrid’s official history places its foundation stone in 1883 and its consecration by Pope John Paul II on 15 June 1993. The gap is central to understanding this building. A monumental church can draw on historical architectural languages while belonging to a much later sequence of planning, interruption and revised decisions.\n\nStart with its position beside the royal precinct. Compare the cathedral’s concentrated vertical emphasis with the palace’s extended mass, using the independent views available in the gallery. The dated archival interior sequence offers a separate comparison of columns, vaults and seating; it does not establish present admission. In the exterior photographs, examine how the building establishes a ceremonial presence: the arrangement of openings, the transition from wall to skyline, and the amount of open space from which the building can be seen. These are questions for observation, not claims that the photographs all share one viewpoint or date.\n\nThe city’s account also explains that the initial church project became a cathedral project after the creation of the Madrid-Alcalá bishopric in 1885. An institutional change altered architectural ambition. That relationship recalls Plaza de la Villa, where municipal government gave a building meaning beyond its style. Here, however, the long interval between beginnings and completion asks us to think about changing expectations over generations. Keep the early project, later revisions and final consecration distinct when reading the exterior. If you choose the Arab Wall discovery before this chapter, the contrast becomes sharper still: the early settlement and the cathedral occupy neighbouring ground with very different dates. Plaza de Oriente provides the final optional pause before the Royal Palace. Worship, museum visits and interior admission require their own current arrangements.",[82,86],{"label":83,"value":84,"sourceId":85},"Foundation stone, 1883","The building campaign began long before the cathedral’s completion.","almudena-history",{"label":87,"value":88,"sourceId":85},"Consecrated 15 June 1993","Pope John Paul II consecrated the cathedral.",{"src":90,"alt":91,"credit":92,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceId":93,"modifications":35},"\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Falmudena-wide.webp","Almudena Cathedral dome and facade viewed from the street in sunshine","Christian Kadluba","photo-almudena-wide",{"id":95,"eyebrow":96,"title":97,"labSummary":16,"narrative":98,"travelNote":18,"coordinates":19,"elevationMeters":19,"facts":99,"art":107},"royal-palace","Chapter 5","Royal Palace: rebuilding the image of power","Finish by looking at the palace as a deliberate replacement, rather than an unchanged survival. Patrimonio Nacional records that the earlier Alcázar burned on Christmas Eve 1734. Charles III became the first monarch to live in the new Royal Palace in 1764. Those two dates frame a transformation in the architectural representation of monarchy: a site can retain its political significance while its physical expression changes profoundly.\n\nBegin with the long rhythm of the façade. Repeated openings allow a very large building to be read in smaller units, while the overall mass resists being understood from a single detail. Alternate between the wide photograph and a closer view. What disappears when the frame tightens? A decorative element may become legible while the scale of the precinct slips away. Restore the context image and compare the building with the open ground around it. This is a place where distance itself becomes part of how authority is presented, even though this journey supplies no surveyed walking distance.\n\nIf you explored Plaza de Oriente, bring its garden and sculptural setting back into the comparison. The approach to a palace can shape expectation before any interior is entered. Now recall the route’s opening: Sol coordinated streets and public time, Plaza Mayor arranged a shared urban stage, Plaza de la Villa presented civic history, and Almudena demonstrated the long construction of religious identity. The palace adds the rebuilding of royal representation to those overlapping stories. Patrimonio Nacional also explains that the building serves official royal events, which makes a visit different from examining an abandoned monument. Interior access and ceremonial closures must be checked separately. End with the exterior’s relationship to the city, allowing the dated independent local imagery to remain a record of its own moment.",[100,104],{"label":101,"value":102,"sourceId":103},"Earlier Alcázar burned in 1734","The fire took place on Christmas Eve.","palace-history",{"label":105,"value":106,"sourceId":103},"Charles III arrived in 1764","He was the first monarch to reside in the new palace.",{"src":108,"alt":109,"credit":110,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceId":111,"modifications":35},"\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Froyal-palace-wide.webp","Royal Palace of Madrid and its broad paved forecourt","Juanedc","photo-royal-palace-wide",[113,118,121,124,127,131,135,139,143,148,151,156,160,163,168,173,176,180,184,187,192,197,200,205,210,214,218,222],{"id":24,"title":114,"publisher":115,"url":116,"accessedOn":117},"Puerta del Sol","Madrid Destino · Madrid City Council","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fen\u002Ftourist-information\u002Fpuerta-del-sol","2026-11-02",{"id":45,"title":119,"publisher":115,"url":120,"accessedOn":117},"Plaza Mayor","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Finformacion-turistica\u002Fplaza-mayor-madrid",{"id":65,"title":122,"publisher":115,"url":123,"accessedOn":117},"Plaza de la Villa","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fen\u002Ftourist-information\u002Fplaza-de-la-villa",{"id":85,"title":125,"publisher":115,"url":126,"accessedOn":117},"La Almudena Cathedral","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fen\u002Ftourist-information\u002Fcatedral-de-la-almudena",{"id":103,"title":128,"publisher":129,"url":130,"accessedOn":117},"Royal Palace of Madrid","Patrimonio Nacional","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.patrimonionacional.es\u002Fen\u002Fvisita\u002Froyal-palace-madrid",{"id":132,"title":133,"publisher":115,"url":134,"accessedOn":117},"san-gines-history","San Ginés Church","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fen\u002Ftourist-information\u002Fchurch-san-gines",{"id":136,"title":137,"publisher":115,"url":138,"accessedOn":117},"san-miguel-history","Mercado de San Miguel","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fcompras\u002Fmercado-de-san-miguel",{"id":140,"title":141,"publisher":115,"url":142,"accessedOn":117},"arab-wall-history","Arab Wall","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.esmadrid.com\u002Fen\u002Ftourist-information\u002Farab-wall",{"id":144,"title":145,"publisher":146,"url":147,"accessedOn":117},"oriente-history","Plaza de Oriente Square","Turespaña","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.spain.info\u002Fen\u002Fplaces-of-interest\u002Fplaza-oriente-madrid\u002F",{"id":34,"title":30,"publisher":149,"url":150,"accessedOn":117},"Tomás Fano · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)_10.jpg",{"id":152,"title":153,"publisher":154,"url":155,"accessedOn":117},"photo-sol-detail","Ceramic Puerta del Sol street sign on a stone wall","Carlos Delgado · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Puerta_del_Sol_-_02.jpg",{"id":157,"title":158,"publisher":149,"url":159,"accessedOn":117},"photo-sol-context","Puerta del Sol at night with the illuminated clock tower and visitors","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)_11.jpg",{"id":55,"title":51,"publisher":161,"url":162,"accessedOn":117},"Nemo · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Plaza_Mayor_de_Madrid_(panor%C3%A1mica).jpg",{"id":164,"title":165,"publisher":166,"url":167,"accessedOn":117},"photo-plaza-mayor-detail","Rows of balconies and white window frames on a red Plaza Mayor facade","José Luiz · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Windows_at_Plaza_Mayor_-_Madrid_(2).JPG",{"id":169,"title":170,"publisher":171,"url":172,"accessedOn":117},"photo-plaza-mayor-context","Casa de la Panaderia and its twin towers illuminated after dark","Artem Vynohradov · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Casa_de_la_Panader%C3%ADa,_Plaza_Mayor,_Madrid,_Spain.jpg",{"id":75,"title":71,"publisher":174,"url":175,"accessedOn":117},"Anagoria · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:2012-04-30_Plaza_de_la_Villa_Madrid_anagoria_01.JPG",{"id":177,"title":178,"publisher":174,"url":179,"accessedOn":117},"photo-plaza-villa-detail","The historic Casa de la Villa facade and tower beside the square","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:2012-04-30_Plaza_de_la_Villa_Madrid_anagoria_02.JPG",{"id":181,"title":182,"publisher":154,"url":183,"accessedOn":117},"photo-plaza-villa-context","Sunlit Plaza de la Villa and the monument framed by brick buildings","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Plaza_de_la_Villa_-_08.jpg",{"id":93,"title":91,"publisher":185,"url":186,"accessedOn":117},"Christian Kadluba · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Catedral_de_la_Almudena_(Madrid)_15.jpg",{"id":188,"title":189,"publisher":190,"url":191,"accessedOn":117},"photo-almudena-detail","Arched entrances and stone ornament on the side of Almudena Cathedral","Luis García (Zaqarbal) · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Catedral_de_la_Almudena_(Madrid)_14.jpg",{"id":193,"title":194,"publisher":195,"url":196,"accessedOn":117},"photo-almudena-context","Almudena Cathedral illuminated at night above the sloping street","Gerda Arendt · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Almudena_Cathedral,_Madrid,_facade.jpg",{"id":111,"title":109,"publisher":198,"url":199,"accessedOn":117},"Juanedc · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Palacio_Real_(Madrid)_16.jpg",{"id":201,"title":202,"publisher":203,"url":204,"accessedOn":117},"photo-royal-palace-detail","Columns, balconies and carved decoration on the Royal Palace east facade","Javier Perez Montes · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Fachada_Este_-_Palacio_Real_-_Madrid_02.jpg",{"id":206,"title":207,"publisher":208,"url":209,"accessedOn":117},"photo-royal-palace-context","Elevated view of the Royal Palace surrounded by gardens and Madrid rooftops","Tim Adams · Wikimedia Commons","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Palacio_Real_de_Madrid_Julio_2016.jpg",{"id":211,"title":212,"publisher":190,"url":213,"accessedOn":117},"photo-san-gines-preview","San Gines church facade at the end of its small entrance courtyard","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Iglesia_de_San_Gin%C3%A9s_(Madrid)_09.jpg",{"id":215,"title":216,"publisher":190,"url":217,"accessedOn":117},"photo-san-miguel-preview","Iron columns and glass walls along the exterior of Mercado de San Miguel","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Mercado_de_San_Miguel_(Madrid)_02.jpg",{"id":219,"title":220,"publisher":190,"url":221,"accessedOn":117},"photo-arab-wall-preview","Surviving stone sections of Madrid Arab wall beside a planted slope","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg",{"id":223,"title":224,"publisher":190,"url":225,"accessedOn":117},"photo-plaza-oriente-preview","Royal Theatre and the equestrian monument in Plaza de Oriente after dark","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Plaza_de_Oriente_(Madrid)_32a.jpg",{"destinationId":5,"journeyType":227,"continuousWalkReady":228,"transportAssisted":228,"routeSegments":229,"mapLegend":230,"chapters":233,"routeExplorations":673},"guided-visual-journey",false,[],{"en":231,"zh":232},"Five chapters and four discoveries. Dated local 360° fragments are independent of the chapter transitions and connections between sites.","五章与四处发现；注明日期的局部 360° 与章节转场、各地点之间的连接分开理解。",[234,349,424,517,596],{"chapterId":13,"visualMode":235,"transitionFromPrevious":236,"position":237,"references":240,"editorialPhoto":274,"observation":283,"routeExplorationCopy":284,"explorations":288},"editorial-photo","entry",{"lat":238,"lng":239},40.41683850734706,-3.7034787275109533,[241],{"provider":242,"lookup":243,"position":237,"sequenceAnchors":247,"expectedImageDate":260,"initialPov":261,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":268,"attribution":270},"google",{"anchor":237,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},30,8,"GOOGLE",[237,248,251,254,257],{"lat":249,"lng":250},40.41674893500376,-3.7034532546821453,{"lat":252,"lng":253},40.41672730040643,-3.703590839080055,{"lat":255,"lng":256},40.41679399296529,-3.7039046443985586,{"lat":258,"lng":259},40.41688064329761,-3.7039462220071386,"2025-05",{"heading":262,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},180,5,0,"spherical","nearby","short-sequence",{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},true,{"label":271,"url":272,"license":273},"Google Maps","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.41683850734706,-3.7034787275109533","Google Maps\u002FGoogle Earth Additional Terms of Service",{"file":275,"src":29,"credit":31,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":150,"capturedOn":276,"alt":30,"zhAlt":277,"sourceId":34,"objectPosition":278,"modifications":279,"copy":280},"Puerta del Sol (Madrid) 10.jpg","2009-10-23","阳光下太阳门广场的骑马雕像、钟楼与弧形建筑立面","center 60%","Resized and converted to WebP for web display",{"zh":281},{"alt":277,"modifications":282},"缩放并转换为网页使用的 WebP","2025-05 · 5 connected local positions and return. Puerta del Sol square facing the clock-fronted Real Casa de Correos; pedestrians cross the foreground.",{"en":285,"zh":286},{"note":283},{"note":287},"2025-05 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。太阳门广场面向带钟楼的邮政大楼，前景有行人。",[289,299],{"id":290,"kind":291,"copy":292},"sol-look-around","look-around",{"en":293,"zh":296},{"title":294,"description":283,"contextLabel":295},"Look around and compare local positions","Optional 360° · local positions",{"title":297,"description":287,"contextLabel":298},"转身环视，比较局部位置","可选 360° · 局部位置",{"id":300,"kind":301,"presentation":302,"copy":303,"media":312},"madrid-photo-set-1","photo-set","details",{"en":304,"zh":308},{"title":305,"description":306,"contextLabel":307},"Three photographs at different scales","Compare independently captured photographs and viewpoints, each with its own date.","3 credited photographs · switch left or right",{"title":309,"description":310,"contextLabel":311},"三张照片，不同观看尺度","比较独立拍摄的照片与机位，并留意各自的拍摄日期。","3 张署名照片 · 左右切换",[313,326,340],{"id":314,"src":29,"role":315,"capturedOn":276,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":31,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":150,"modifications":279,"copy":317},"sol-wide-still","environment","contextual",{"en":318,"zh":322},{"alt":30,"caption":319,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Puerta del Sol square with the equestrian statue, clock tower and curving facades in sunshine. Photographed 2009-10-23.","Independent viewpoint, not a successive walking frame or interactive camera position.","The photograph records its own date; current access and arrangements may differ.",{"alt":277,"caption":323,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"阳光下太阳门广场的骑马雕像、钟楼与弧形建筑立面，摄于 2009-10-23。","独立照片机位，不是连续步行帧或互动相机位置。","照片保留各自日期；当前通行与布置可能不同。",{"id":327,"src":328,"role":329,"capturedOn":330,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":331,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":155,"modifications":279,"copy":334},"sol-detail-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fsol-detail.webp","detail","2012-04-27","Carlos Delgado","CC BY-SA 3.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F3.0",{"en":335,"zh":337},{"alt":153,"caption":336,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Ceramic Puerta del Sol street sign on a stone wall. Photographed 2012-04-27.",{"alt":338,"caption":339,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"石墙上的太阳门广场陶瓷街名牌","石墙上的太阳门广场陶瓷街名牌，摄于 2012-04-27。",{"id":341,"src":342,"role":329,"capturedOn":276,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":31,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":159,"modifications":279,"copy":343},"sol-context-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fsol-context.webp",{"en":344,"zh":346},{"alt":158,"caption":345,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Puerta del Sol at night with the illuminated clock tower and visitors. Photographed 2009-10-23.",{"alt":347,"caption":348,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"夜晚太阳门广场的明亮钟楼与游客","夜晚太阳门广场的明亮钟楼与游客，摄于 2009-10-23。",{"chapterId":37,"visualMode":235,"transitionFromPrevious":350,"position":351,"references":354,"editorialPhoto":371,"observation":378,"routeExplorationCopy":379,"explorations":383},"editorial-jump",{"lat":352,"lng":353},40.41533360469102,-3.707365380987879,[355],{"provider":242,"lookup":356,"position":351,"sequenceAnchors":357,"expectedImageDate":260,"initialPov":367,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":368,"attribution":369},{"anchor":351,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[351,358,361,364],{"lat":359,"lng":360},40.41531872739925,-3.707473629606947,{"lat":362,"lng":363},40.4153906542589,-3.707487567214201,{"lat":365,"lng":366},40.41562575716011,-3.707597751877708,{"heading":264,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":370,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.41533360469102,-3.707365380987879",{"file":372,"src":50,"credit":52,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceUrl":162,"capturedOn":373,"alt":51,"zhAlt":374,"sourceId":55,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":376},"Plaza Mayor de Madrid (panorámica).jpg","2020-02-27","马约尔广场与红色拱廊建筑的全景","center 50%",{"zh":377},{"alt":374,"modifications":282},"2025-05 · 4 connected local positions and return. Plaza Mayor square, equestrian statue and arcaded facades; this is a short local sequence.",{"en":380,"zh":381},{"note":378},{"note":382},"2025-05 · 4 个相连局部位置与返回。主广场的骑马雕像与拱廊立面，仅为广场内的一小段影像。",[384,389],{"id":385,"kind":291,"copy":386},"plaza-mayor-look-around",{"en":387,"zh":388},{"title":294,"description":378,"contextLabel":295},{"title":297,"description":382,"contextLabel":298},{"id":390,"kind":301,"presentation":302,"copy":391,"media":394},"madrid-photo-set-2",{"en":392,"zh":393},{"title":305,"description":306,"contextLabel":307},{"title":309,"description":310,"contextLabel":311},[395,402,413],{"id":396,"src":50,"role":315,"capturedOn":373,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":52,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceUrl":162,"modifications":279,"copy":397},"plaza-mayor-wide-still",{"en":398,"zh":400},{"alt":51,"caption":399,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Panoramic view across Plaza Mayor to its red arcaded facades. Photographed 2020-02-27.",{"alt":374,"caption":401,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"马约尔广场与红色拱廊建筑的全景，摄于 2020-02-27。",{"id":403,"src":404,"role":329,"capturedOn":405,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":406,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":167,"modifications":279,"copy":407},"plaza-mayor-detail-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-mayor-detail.webp","2013-01-30","José Luiz",{"en":408,"zh":410},{"alt":165,"caption":409,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Rows of balconies and white window frames on a red Plaza Mayor facade. Photographed 2013-01-30.",{"alt":411,"caption":412,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"马约尔广场红色立面上的阳台与白色窗框","马约尔广场红色立面上的阳台与白色窗框，摄于 2013-01-30。",{"id":414,"src":415,"role":329,"capturedOn":416,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":417,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceUrl":172,"modifications":279,"copy":418},"plaza-mayor-context-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-mayor-context.webp","2022-09-27","Artem Vynohradov",{"en":419,"zh":421},{"alt":170,"caption":420,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Casa de la Panaderia and its twin towers illuminated after dark. Photographed 2022-09-27.",{"alt":422,"caption":423,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"夜色中亮灯的面包房之家及其双塔","夜色中亮灯的面包房之家及其双塔，摄于 2022-09-27。",{"chapterId":57,"visualMode":235,"transitionFromPrevious":350,"position":425,"references":428,"editorialPhoto":449,"observation":455,"routeExplorationCopy":456,"explorations":460},{"lat":426,"lng":427},40.41541764368545,-3.710604577141274,[429],{"provider":242,"lookup":430,"position":425,"sequenceAnchors":431,"expectedImageDate":260,"initialPov":444,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":446,"attribution":447},{"anchor":425,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[425,432,435,438,441],{"lat":433,"lng":434},40.41533138634179,-3.71058955457344,{"lat":436,"lng":437},40.41522668467931,-3.7105660914995977,{"lat":439,"lng":440},40.41513584135933,-3.7105536243261716,{"lat":442,"lng":443},40.415042332945944,-3.710534652546409,{"heading":445,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},200,{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":448,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.41541764368545,-3.710604577141274",{"file":450,"src":70,"credit":72,"license":73,"licenseUrl":74,"sourceUrl":175,"capturedOn":451,"alt":71,"zhAlt":452,"sourceId":75,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":453},"2012-04-30 Plaza de la Villa Madrid anagoria 01.JPG","2012-04-30","历史建筑与中央纪念碑围绕的市政广场",{"zh":454},{"alt":452,"modifications":282},"2025-05 · 5 connected local positions and return. A close exterior approach beside the historic buildings of Plaza de la Villa.",{"en":457,"zh":458},{"note":455},{"note":459},"2025-05 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。市政广场历史建筑旁的近距离外部观察。",[461,466],{"id":462,"kind":291,"copy":463},"plaza-villa-look-around",{"en":464,"zh":465},{"title":294,"description":455,"contextLabel":295},{"title":297,"description":459,"contextLabel":298},{"id":467,"kind":301,"presentation":302,"copy":468,"media":477},"madrid-photo-set-3",{"en":469,"zh":473},{"title":470,"description":471,"contextLabel":472},"Three views of the square, then the Arab Wall","Before Almudena, pause at the surviving evidence of a much earlier Madrid. The city’s official tourism account places the first wall in the ninth-century emirate and identifies representative remains in Emir Mohamed I Park near Cuesta de la Vega. This is a useful correction to the impression that the city’s story begins with its royal façades. Compare the low surviving fabric with the much taller skyline around the cathedral precinct. A fragment asks for a different kind of attention from a complete-looking monument: notice edges, gaps and the relation to the ground rather than supplying imaginary missing towers. The preview illustrates a surviving portion, not the whole fortified perimeter. Today’s park arrangements need separate checking. Carry this distinction between archaeological survival and later monumental construction into the next chapter, where Almudena’s long modern building history complicates another first impression.","4 credited photographs · wall discovery included",{"title":474,"description":475,"contextLabel":476},"三张广场照片，再看阿拉伯城墙","在主教座堂之前，先停下来看看更早的马德里留下的实物证据。城市官方旅游资料把第一道城墙放在九世纪的埃米尔统治时期，并指出穆罕默德一世公园、贝加坡附近保存着代表性的遗存。这有助于修正一种容易形成的印象：城市历史并不是从王宫立面才开始。比较低矮的遗存与座堂区域较高的天际线。片段与看似完整的纪念建筑要求不同的注意力，可以看断面、缺口以及它与地面的关系，不必为画面补上想象中的塔楼。预览代表一部分保存下来的结构，不能展示整个防御周界；今天公园的开放安排也需要单独查询。把考古遗存与后来纪念性建筑之间的区别带到下一章，阿穆德纳漫长的近现代营建史将再次改变第一眼带来的年代感。同一片地面可以同时承载相距很远的时间，却不会因此让所有构件属于同一时期。","4 张署名照片 · 含城墙发现",[478,485,494,504],{"id":479,"src":70,"role":315,"capturedOn":451,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":72,"license":73,"licenseUrl":74,"sourceUrl":175,"modifications":279,"copy":480},"plaza-villa-wide-still",{"en":481,"zh":483},{"alt":71,"caption":482,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Plaza de la Villa with historic buildings and its central monument. Photographed 2012-04-30.",{"alt":452,"caption":484,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"历史建筑与中央纪念碑围绕的市政广场，摄于 2012-04-30。",{"id":486,"src":487,"role":329,"capturedOn":451,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":72,"license":73,"licenseUrl":74,"sourceUrl":179,"modifications":279,"copy":488},"plaza-villa-detail-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-villa-detail.webp",{"en":489,"zh":491},{"alt":178,"caption":490,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"The historic Casa de la Villa facade and tower beside the square. Photographed 2012-04-30.",{"alt":492,"caption":493,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"市政广场旁旧市政厅的立面与塔楼","市政广场旁旧市政厅的立面与塔楼，摄于 2012-04-30。",{"id":495,"src":496,"role":329,"capturedOn":497,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":331,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":183,"modifications":279,"copy":498},"plaza-villa-context-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-villa-context.webp","2012-08-26",{"en":499,"zh":501},{"alt":182,"caption":500,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Sunlit Plaza de la Villa and the monument framed by brick buildings. Photographed 2012-08-26.",{"alt":502,"caption":503,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"砖建筑围绕的阳光下市政广场与纪念碑","砖建筑围绕的阳光下市政广场与纪念碑，摄于 2012-08-26。",{"id":505,"src":506,"role":315,"capturedOn":507,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":508,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":221,"modifications":279,"copy":509},"arab-wall-discovery-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Farab-wall-preview.webp","2011-04-01","Luis García (Zaqarbal)",{"en":510,"zh":513},{"alt":220,"caption":471,"locationNote":511,"caveat":512},"Separate location near Cuesta de la Vega; not part of a continuous walking sequence.","No reliable interactive view of the wall was retained.",{"alt":514,"caption":475,"locationNote":515,"caveat":516,"modifications":282},"绿植坡地旁马德里阿拉伯城墙的石砌遗迹","这是靠近韦加坡道的独立地点，并非连续步行帧。","未保留无法可靠看清城墙的互动场景。",{"chapterId":77,"visualMode":235,"transitionFromPrevious":350,"position":518,"references":521,"editorialPhoto":543,"observation":549,"routeExplorationCopy":550,"explorations":554},{"lat":519,"lng":520},40.41577812474514,-3.7145485425036973,[522],{"provider":242,"lookup":523,"position":518,"sequenceAnchors":524,"expectedImageDate":537,"initialPov":538,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":540,"attribution":541},{"anchor":518,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[518,525,528,531,534],{"lat":526,"lng":527},40.41577016191704,-3.714440820855333,{"lat":529,"lng":530},40.41574307444901,-3.7144428343419857,{"lat":532,"lng":533},40.41571546452814,-3.7144151101866325,{"lat":535,"lng":536},40.41571308939017,-3.7143801839678265,"2015-07",{"heading":539,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},270,{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":542,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.41577812474514,-3.7145485425036973",{"file":544,"src":90,"credit":92,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":186,"capturedOn":545,"alt":91,"zhAlt":546,"sourceId":93,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":547},"Catedral de la Almudena (Madrid) 15.jpg","2009-03-07","从街道望向阳光下阿穆德纳主教座堂的圆顶与立面",{"zh":548},{"alt":546,"modifications":282},"2015-07 · 5 connected local positions and return. Historical 2015 cathedral interior with nave columns, vaults and pews; not a current exterior walk.",{"en":551,"zh":552},{"note":549},{"note":553},"2015-07 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。2015年大教堂内部历史影像，可看中殿立柱、拱顶与座椅。",[555,560],{"id":556,"kind":291,"copy":557},"almudena-look-around",{"en":558,"zh":559},{"title":294,"description":549,"contextLabel":295},{"title":297,"description":553,"contextLabel":298},{"id":561,"kind":301,"presentation":302,"copy":562,"media":565},"madrid-photo-set-4",{"en":563,"zh":564},{"title":305,"description":306,"contextLabel":307},{"title":309,"description":310,"contextLabel":311},[566,573,583],{"id":567,"src":90,"role":315,"capturedOn":545,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":92,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":186,"modifications":279,"copy":568},"almudena-wide-still",{"en":569,"zh":571},{"alt":91,"caption":570,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Almudena Cathedral dome and facade viewed from the street in sunshine. Photographed 2009-03-07.",{"alt":546,"caption":572,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"从街道望向阳光下阿穆德纳主教座堂的圆顶与立面，摄于 2009-03-07。",{"id":574,"src":575,"role":329,"capturedOn":576,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":508,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":191,"modifications":279,"copy":577},"almudena-detail-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Falmudena-detail.webp","2009-01-10",{"en":578,"zh":580},{"alt":189,"caption":579,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Arched entrances and stone ornament on the side of Almudena Cathedral. Photographed 2009-01-10.",{"alt":581,"caption":582,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"阿穆德纳主教座堂侧面的拱形入口与石雕装饰","阿穆德纳主教座堂侧面的拱形入口与石雕装饰，摄于 2009-01-10。",{"id":584,"src":585,"role":329,"capturedOn":586,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":587,"license":588,"licenseUrl":589,"sourceUrl":196,"modifications":279,"copy":590},"almudena-context-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Falmudena-context.webp","2023-11-01","Gerda Arendt","CC0","http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Fpublicdomain\u002Fzero\u002F1.0\u002Fdeed.en",{"en":591,"zh":593},{"alt":194,"caption":592,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Almudena Cathedral illuminated at night above the sloping street. Photographed 2023-11-01.",{"alt":594,"caption":595,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"夜晚斜坡街道上方亮灯的阿穆德纳主教座堂","夜晚斜坡街道上方亮灯的阿穆德纳主教座堂，摄于 2023-11-01。",{"chapterId":95,"visualMode":235,"transitionFromPrevious":350,"position":597,"references":600,"editorialPhoto":621,"observation":627,"routeExplorationCopy":628,"explorations":632},{"lat":598,"lng":599},40.418008896325595,-3.7129288698540717,[601],{"provider":242,"lookup":602,"position":597,"sequenceAnchors":603,"expectedImageDate":616,"initialPov":617,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":618,"attribution":619},{"anchor":597,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[597,604,607,610,613],{"lat":605,"lng":606},40.41800817672003,-3.7129586066237326,{"lat":608,"lng":609},40.41813018902999,-3.713040227951004,{"lat":611,"lng":612},40.41811961631279,-3.7128321480338977,{"lat":614,"lng":615},40.4180929305709,-3.7128337742599347,"2015-05",{"heading":539,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":620,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.418008896325595,-3.7129288698540717",{"file":622,"src":108,"credit":110,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":199,"capturedOn":623,"alt":109,"zhAlt":624,"sourceId":111,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":625},"Palacio Real (Madrid) 16.jpg","2010-06-29","马德里王宫与开阔的铺石前庭",{"zh":626},{"alt":624,"modifications":282},"2015-05 · 5 connected local positions and return. Royal Palace exterior from the Plaza de Oriente forecourt; shares viewpoints with the Plaza de Oriente scene. No palace rooms.",{"en":629,"zh":630},{"note":627},{"note":631},"2015-05 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。从东方广场前庭看王宫外观，与东方广场场景共用观察点，不含王宫室内。",[633,638],{"id":634,"kind":291,"copy":635},"royal-palace-look-around",{"en":636,"zh":637},{"title":294,"description":627,"contextLabel":295},{"title":297,"description":631,"contextLabel":298},{"id":639,"kind":301,"presentation":302,"copy":640,"media":643},"madrid-photo-set-5",{"en":641,"zh":642},{"title":305,"description":306,"contextLabel":307},{"title":309,"description":310,"contextLabel":311},[644,651,662],{"id":645,"src":108,"role":315,"capturedOn":623,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":110,"license":32,"licenseUrl":33,"sourceUrl":199,"modifications":279,"copy":646},"royal-palace-wide-still",{"en":647,"zh":649},{"alt":109,"caption":648,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Royal Palace of Madrid and its broad paved forecourt. Photographed 2010-06-29.",{"alt":624,"caption":650,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"马德里王宫与开阔的铺石前庭，摄于 2010-06-29。",{"id":652,"src":653,"role":329,"capturedOn":654,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":655,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceUrl":204,"modifications":279,"copy":656},"royal-palace-detail-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Froyal-palace-detail.webp","2024-09-29","Javier Perez Montes",{"en":657,"zh":659},{"alt":202,"caption":658,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Columns, balconies and carved decoration on the Royal Palace east facade. Photographed 2024-09-29.",{"alt":660,"caption":661,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"王宫东立面的立柱、阳台与雕刻装饰","王宫东立面的立柱、阳台与雕刻装饰，摄于 2024-09-29。",{"id":663,"src":664,"role":329,"capturedOn":665,"locationMatch":316,"reviewedAt":117,"credit":666,"license":73,"licenseUrl":74,"sourceUrl":209,"modifications":279,"copy":667},"royal-palace-context-still","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Froyal-palace-context.webp","2016-07-23","Tim Adams",{"en":668,"zh":670},{"alt":207,"caption":669,"locationNote":320,"caveat":321},"Elevated view of the Royal Palace surrounded by gardens and Madrid rooftops. Photographed 2016-07-23.",{"alt":671,"caption":672,"locationNote":324,"caveat":325,"modifications":282},"高处俯瞰王宫、周边花园与马德里屋顶","高处俯瞰王宫、周边花园与马德里屋顶，摄于 2016-07-23。",[674,713,755,768],{"id":675,"routeOrder":676,"routeRelation":677,"position":678,"references":681,"editorialPhoto":699,"copy":706},"san-gines",0.5,"along-route",{"lat":679,"lng":680},40.417110050997636,-3.7066805860737992,[682],{"provider":242,"lookup":683,"position":678,"sequenceAnchors":684,"expectedImageDate":260,"initialPov":694,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":696,"attribution":697},{"anchor":678,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[678,685,688,691],{"lat":686,"lng":687},40.41724618543412,-3.706755460869541,{"lat":689,"lng":690},40.41727256631103,-3.706862933882605,{"lat":692,"lng":693},40.41730062795745,-3.7069639804033856,{"heading":695,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},160,{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":698,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.417110050997636,-3.7066805860737992",{"file":700,"src":701,"credit":508,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":213,"capturedOn":702,"alt":212,"zhAlt":703,"sourceId":211,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":704},"Iglesia de San Ginés (Madrid) 09.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fsan-gines-preview.webp","2011-02-04","小入口庭院尽头的圣希内斯教堂立面",{"zh":705},{"alt":703,"modifications":282},{"en":707,"zh":710},{"title":708,"note":709},"San Ginés: church, portico and passage","2025-05 · 4 connected local positions and return. San Gines church exterior and adjoining pedestrian passage; only part of the facade is visible at some positions. Between Sol and Plaza Mayor, San Ginés changes the scale from a public square to a church threshold and its surrounding passages. Madrid’s official tourism account places the church on Calle Arenal and dates its construction to 1645. The preview shows the church portico, rather than the nearby chocolatería that shares the San Ginés name. Read the entrance as a small spatial sequence: an outer edge, a sheltered interval and a doorway beyond. Compare the opening with the mass of wall around it, then consider how a religious building participates in the everyday street without becoming another shopfront. A neighbourhood can hold several identities under one familiar name. Keep the church, passage and chocolate business distinct as you explore. The church preview invites architectural observation, while worship and interior visits require separate current information. Return to Plaza Mayor for a much larger form of enclosure.",{"title":711,"note":712},"圣希内斯：教堂、门廊与巷道","2025-05 · 4 个相连局部位置与返回。圣希内斯教堂外墙及旁边的步行小巷，部分位置仅能看到局部立面。 在太阳门与马约尔广场之间，圣希内斯把尺度从公共广场转到教堂入口及周围巷道。马德里官方旅游资料把教堂放在阿雷纳尔街，并将建造时间记为一六四五年。预览展示的是教堂门廊，不是附近同样使用圣希内斯名称的巧克力店。可以把入口读成一个小小的空间序列：外侧边界、受到遮蔽的过渡，再到里面的门口。比较开口与周围墙面的比例，思考宗教建筑如何参与日常街道，却拥有不同于商店门面的进入方式。同一个熟悉地名之下，可以并存好几种地方身份；探索时把教堂、巷道与巧克力店分别辨认，会比把它们混成一个景点更有意思。教堂照片提供建筑观察的起点，不能说明今天礼拜或内部参观的安排。回到马约尔广场时，再比较两种围合：一个把观看缩到门槛附近，另一个把视线展开到大规模的公共房间。",{"id":714,"routeOrder":715,"routeRelation":677,"position":716,"references":719,"editorialPhoto":740,"copy":748},"san-miguel",1.5,{"lat":717,"lng":718},40.4155243319401,-3.7090107385116244,[720],{"provider":242,"lookup":721,"position":716,"sequenceAnchors":722,"expectedImageDate":735,"initialPov":736,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":737,"attribution":738},{"anchor":716,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[716,723,726,729,732],{"lat":724,"lng":725},40.415499617598265,-3.7091230171983294,{"lat":727,"lng":728},40.41547125920889,-3.709230262934974,{"lat":730,"lng":731},40.41543908505005,-3.709357254570253,{"lat":733,"lng":734},40.41535967096837,-3.7093710378278715,"2022-04",{"heading":262,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":739,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.4155243319401,-3.7090107385116244",{"file":741,"src":742,"credit":508,"license":332,"licenseUrl":743,"sourceUrl":217,"capturedOn":744,"alt":216,"zhAlt":745,"sourceId":215,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":746},"Mercado de San Miguel (Madrid) 02.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fsan-miguel-preview.webp","http:\u002F\u002Fcreativecommons.org\u002Flicenses\u002Fby-sa\u002F3.0\u002F","2006-03-21","圣米格尔市场外侧的铁柱与玻璃墙",{"zh":747},{"alt":745,"modifications":282},{"en":749,"zh":752},{"title":750,"note":751},"San Miguel: a market framed in iron","2022-04 · 5 connected local positions and return. San Miguel Market glass and iron exterior along its surrounding streets; no market interior. After Plaza Mayor, turn toward a different way of enclosing public life. Madrid’s official tourism account dates San Miguel’s opening as a food market to May 1916 and its transformation into a gastronomic market to May 2009. Those two moments distinguish the building’s early commercial role from its later presentation of food culture. In the preview, compare structural repetition with the masonry enclosure of Plaza Mayor. Where visible, follow a support upward and ask how a market edge can suggest shelter while allowing the surrounding street to remain visually present. An exterior frame cannot tell you which stalls operate today or how the interior feels at a particular hour. Use this discovery to think about a building that survives while its commercial model changes, before continuing the main sequence toward the older civic setting of Plaza de la Villa.",{"title":753,"note":754},"圣米格尔：铁构架中的市场","2022-04 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。沿周边街道看圣米格尔市场玻璃与铁结构外观，不含市场内部。 离开马约尔广场之后，圣米格尔市场让我们比较另一种容纳公共活动的方式。马德里官方旅游资料记载，市场在一九一六年五月作为食品市场开业，又在二〇〇九年五月转变为美食市场。这两个时间点区分了建筑早期的商业职能与后来展示饮食文化的经营形式。预览中可以比较构架的重复，与马约尔广场砖石边界带来的围合感。画面允许时，沿一根支撑向上看，思考市场边缘如何一面提供遮蔽，一面保留与街道的视觉联系。外观照片无法说明今天有哪些摊位营业，也不能替代某个时刻的内部感受。这个发现讨论的是建筑延续与商业模式变化之间的关系，然后再回到市政广场较早的行政历史。不要急着把市场当成一张菜单，先把它当成安排交易、观看与相遇的一副空间骨架。",{"id":756,"routeOrder":757,"routeRelation":677,"references":758,"editorialPhoto":759,"copy":763},"arab-wall",2.5,[],{"file":760,"src":506,"credit":508,"license":332,"licenseUrl":333,"sourceUrl":221,"capturedOn":507,"alt":220,"zhAlt":514,"sourceId":219,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":761},"Muralla árabe de Madrid 04.jpg",{"zh":762},{"alt":514,"modifications":282},{"en":764,"zh":766},{"title":765,"note":471},"Arab Wall: before the royal skyline",{"title":767,"note":475},"阿拉伯城墙：王宫轮廓之前",{"id":769,"routeOrder":770,"routeRelation":677,"position":771,"references":772,"editorialPhoto":785,"copy":792},"plaza-oriente",3.5,{"lat":614,"lng":615},[773],{"provider":242,"lookup":774,"position":771,"sequenceAnchors":775,"expectedImageDate":616,"initialPov":780,"projection":265,"match":266,"reviewedAt":117,"movementCapability":267,"capabilities":782,"attribution":783},{"anchor":771,"auditSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeSearchRadiusMeters":244,"runtimeMaxDistanceMeters":245,"source":246},[771,776,777,778,779],{"lat":611,"lng":612},{"lat":608,"lng":609},{"lat":605,"lng":606},{"lat":598,"lng":599},{"heading":781,"pitch":263,"zoom":264},90,{"lookAround":269,"sequenceNavigation":269,"spatialNavigation":269,"showsCaptureDate":228},{"label":271,"url":784,"license":273},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.google.com\u002Fmaps\u002F@?api=1&map_action=pano&viewpoint=40.4180929305709,-3.7128337742599347",{"file":786,"src":787,"credit":508,"license":53,"licenseUrl":54,"sourceUrl":225,"capturedOn":788,"alt":224,"zhAlt":789,"sourceId":223,"objectPosition":375,"modifications":279,"copy":790},"Plaza de Oriente (Madrid) 32a.jpg","\u002Fimages\u002Fjourneys\u002Fmadrid-old-town\u002Fplaza-oriente-preview.webp","2018-03-03","夜晚东方广场的皇家剧院与骑马纪念碑",{"zh":791},{"alt":789,"modifications":282},{"en":793,"zh":796},{"title":794,"note":795},"Plaza de Oriente: preparing the palace view","2015-05 · 5 connected local positions and return. Plaza de Oriente forecourt facing its clipped gardens; shares positions with the Royal Palace scene. Between Almudena and the palace finale, Plaza de Oriente provides a chance to study the space that frames a monument. Spain’s national tourism agency attributes its final design to Narciso Pascual y Colomer and dates the square’s opening to 1844. The gardens and sculpture give the approach its own visual subjects; they need not disappear into a photograph labelled simply “palace”. Compare the low organisation of planting with the elevated emphasis of an equestrian monument wherever the preview makes them visible. Ask how foreground elements break a large architectural view into stages. The date of a square’s design does not establish the age of every statue or garden feature in a later photograph. Use this pause to slow your reading before the final chapter, then let the Royal Palace take its place within a deliberately composed urban setting.",{"title":797,"note":798},"东方广场：王宫之前的观看","2015-05 · 5 个相连局部位置与返回。东方广场前庭面向修剪整齐的花园，与王宫场景共用观察点。 在阿穆德纳与王宫终章之间，东方广场让我们把注意力放到为纪念建筑提供框景的空间。西班牙国家旅游机构把最终设计归于建筑师纳西索·帕斯夸尔·伊·科洛梅尔，并将广场开放时间记为一八四四年。花园与雕塑本身就是观看对象，不必全部退成一张标注王宫照片的背景。预览允许时，可以比较低处种植的组织方式与骑马纪念像向上突出的效果，思考前景如何把一大片建筑视野分成几个阅读阶段。广场设计的年代并不能证明后来照片里每一座雕像或每一处园艺布置的年龄。用这个发现放慢观看速度，再进入最后一章，让王宫回到经过安排的城市环境中，而不是悬空的一张立面。这里的独立影像记录自己的拍摄时刻；从座堂到广场、再到王宫的连接是编辑组织，不能拿来确认今天的道路条件或连续通行。",1793840409441]